Tool holder



Sept. 23, 1930. P. E. F. RAUZIERES TOOL HOLDER Filed July 26. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 p 23, 1930- v P. E. r- RAUZIERES 3 TOOL HOLDER Filed July-26, 1927 2 Sheetw-Sheet 2 I i Y Patented Sept. 23, 1930 i v 51, ,33 ELIE nn mgors nAUzIEnEs, or CLAMART, FRANCE TOOL noLnEn g A plication filed Jul 28,1927, Serial No. 208,457, and in France July 29, 1926.

1 the manufactureof tool holders pro vided with cutting points materials areno'w utilized the hardness of which is more and Y, more;increased,-such asalloys with a .base

5 of tungsten, chromium andthe like, and simple mineral substances, such as corundum, sapphire and particularly diamond.

Hitherto, the mounting of the cutting parts on tool holders has only allowed of 1"0 intensive machining, of soft material like plastic substances, such as fibre, or ebonite,

for thereason that the eutting parts are not mounted with; sufficient firmnessin the tool 7 holder and do not retaintheiriposition with satisfactorystability.

In the caseofha-rder materials, metals forexample, makers have limited themselves to, slight rectifications, as the structure of i the known tool holders ,will not allow of their useto an intensive degree. a The rea son of is that owing to certain defects in the. mounting of the cutting parts utilization is restricted, I There are various defects chiefly the following; ln the first place, in the case of the known'devices, the adjustment to the tool holder of cutting parts made of hard substances and of small dimensions, is notaccurate. A

,Moreover, when these cutting parts. are made. of extremely hard, brittle materials, such as; the diamond, rupture ofthese parts holder must be entirely remade. e

The object of the present invention is the I construction ofa cutting toollholder without any of the aforesaid drawbacks. This tool 9 holder consists essentially in the cutting part bearing surfaces. I

"The invention also comprises a form of con- 5:.

' struetion consisting essentially in the cutting part being mounted on the holder by means of a universal joint in such a way that this member can be moved: into sucha position that its surfaces will rest accurately on the gripping parts of the holder. v Due to this arrangement the cutting part adapts itself exactly to the form of the jaws of the tool holder and can thuswithstand very high pressures without breaking. Moreover, this tool holder has the advantage of adapting itself with nice precision to all cutting parts made of hard substances;

finally itcan be mounted with great facility. 1 The vtool holder forming the object ofthe present invention, therefore, enables a scientific and economic cutting to be effected irrespective of the resistance of the material being worked on. v

Various embodiments of the invention are shown by way of example in the accompanying'drawings in which- Fi .1 is an elevation of a lathe or traversingtool. I c

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the lower part of the holder. fis certain whenthey receive a blow, or are Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively an elevation and a half-section of theend of thetool holder drawn to a larger scale.

F igs; 5 and 6 are respectively an elevation and a plan view of a modification. Fig. 7 isan elevation of another modifica- .tion. i

Fi s. 8 and 9' are respectively an elevation andanend view of another modification.

: Figs. 10 andll are respectively an elevation and an end view of a modification of the i modification shewn in Figs. 8 and'9.

F ig; 12 is another variation of the invention in elevation. I a V i The body 1' of the holder is provided with an end 2 cut to a bevel; a' spherical cavity 3 is sunk in the upper surface of thebevelz 2 and serves as a, seat for an intermediary spherical part L which is fitted accurately 9 into the spherical cavity 3 and has an upper plane surface 5. Thus, a ball andf'soclret joint ismade between the intermediary member land the body 1 of the tool holder. 7

V The cutting tool 6 consisting, for example,

of a cut diamond, rests with itslower. surface 6 on the intermediary part 4: whilst.

' The cap 7 is connected as follows the body 1 of'thetool holder; a central screw bolt 10 passes through the cap and is screwed in the body 1, the head ll of this screw being applied against'the capf7. Two screws 14: are provided in the cap 7, the POlIltS-QfSHlld screws resting in cavitiesfrnade in the upper "surface of the body 1. I V i Y Y A plate spring 15is provided with openings so that it. can engage under the screws -1 1 andwith the central screw bolt 10, thesaid spring also bearing against a stop l6 held by tenons 17.1nrecesses n the cap 7.

This stop 16 has a suitably inclined plane surface 32 (Fig. 4) for the purpose hereinafter explained,- I

" The operation of the deviceidescribed is as follows:- L v v c 3 The cutting tool 6 bearing with one of its surfaces on the intermediary piece 1' which itself is mounted with avball andsocket jointon thebodyl of the" toolholder, can be given such an incline that the cap will bear exactly on the upper surface of the cut- 1 ting tool 6. Consequently, thecutting tool clamped in position;

6 is gripped between*-two surfaces between which it fits nicely. In this way the' cut t'ingtool will be prevented from resting ir-- regularly on the clamping members of the tool holder ,1, as is the case; in the known holders and consequently a rupture of the cutting tool 6 is avoided, while at the same time, the cutting tool canbe very strongly Thus, a very solid and very accurate inounting of the cutting member is'obtained so that great precision can be obtained in, .cutting with this tool.

' tral screw bolt 10, the cap being supported,

on the-one hand, by the screws 14 on the body 1 of the tool holder, and'on the other, bythe cutting tool' '6. This arrangement therefore makes it possible to regulate as required,

the position of the cap 7 accordingto the thickness of the cutting tool ,6by turning the screws 14 and the central screw bolt 10. The cutting tool 6 is retained in place bythe stop piece 16 and thelatter is retained in 'pliaceeby the spring 15 which presses it against the cap 7.

' Consequentlyfwhen the cutting tool 6 is clamped in position, due to the incline given fprice is reduced; V l k V As shownin Figs. 5 and 6,.the'plate'spring its upper surface.

to its surfaces 6 6 it has a tendency to slip:

toward the rear as shownby'the arrow 33 in Fig. 3. The tool {then mpinges withits to keep the cutting toolinplace without any 7 need of lateral guiding or supporting surfaces on the'tool. It suflices to merely give thejcontact surfacei 32. such a'directionthat 1 it"willopposesliding ofthetool; Thus,the;

15 can be replaced byahelical spring 1 en-V 'circlingthe central screw bolt 10. I 1

' The modification shown in'FigQ 7avoid'sf another difficulty. explained hereinafter. I

In the foregoing devices,"the cutting tool6, I due to reaction of the material being worked on, is pushed towardthe back of the tool 6 holder and consequently pushes back the;

cutting of theto ol is'simplified. and its cost 7 stop16. Ifno precautionis taken in the choice Iof the contact surfaces' of the cutting tool and thefstop piece, it may'happen that the pressure of the tool on -the stop will have vertical component, the effect ofwhich is to compress the; spring15 or: 17 and duce undue displacement ofzthestop downwardly.

erted' by this memberon the sto'phas a; ve r-.

,The modification Show in rig; Tavoids 1 this drawback. In this embodiment, the'cutting tool 6 and the stop'16fhavethecontact surfaces of such a profile'thattheipush P. exm pushthis stop against thecap 7 andlavoid allfurther reaction-on the spring consisting, for example, of ,acurved washer 30.

v v it The ball andsocketjoint 3,14,F,igs. 1 to 4, V

can also bere'plac ed by la"universaljointj formed by two semi cylin drical intermediary members 18, ,19 (F igsq8and' 9) between which the cutting tooli6 is placedJtheSe in termediary parts beingv themselves engaged in cylindrical cavities made-respectively in .the body land in the cap 7. This' device works in just the same way as those of Figs;

4 '1 to '4', it being always possible togive the cut- The cap 7 is retained'inplace by thecenting toolj6 anyinclinefaccording:to' that of Instead of placing the 'tWohaIf-CylindriC intermediary parts 18 andlg'on each-side of the cutting tool 6, (Figs; 10, 11 .theycan be on the sameside ofthe cutting tool 6, and

they are fitted intoeachother and can turn one relative to the other; A universal joint I is also thusniade between thei c utting tool 6 and the body lofthe toolholder;

Iii-the deviceshewn in Figslto 7, itissup j V posed that the space betweenthe cap 7 and the body 1 of the tool'fholderi s assurediby the two screws 14. --Thisspac e can alsojbe f provided for. by means oftWl 1311.5

le I v in cavities 21, 22of thecap 7 and the body 1 (Figs. 8'to11), the two balls 20 also resisting all transverse movement of the cap 7 relative to the body 1. The two'balls 20 can obvious- 1y be replaced by a small rolling cylinder. Thecuttlng tool 6 can be clamped with the screw bolt 10, between the intermediaryparts 18, 19 so that the .tool consisting of a very hard substance, penetrates into the softer metal of the intermediary part 19 and lodges therein. Thus all displacement of the cut- I tween the cutting tool 6 and the body 1 of ting tool relative to the stop is effectivel prevented. The cutting tool 6 canalso e di-,

rectly clamped on the cap 7, the said cutting too-lbeing fixed directly thereon; V f I The joint represented in Fig. 12 made be-,

the tool holder may also be adopted, in which a cone shaped part 25, the base-of which supports the cuttingtool 6 is engaged in a cylindrical cavitv'26 of the body 1. "In this manneralso the incline of the cutting tool 6 can be sufficiently va-riedaccording'to the in cline of the upper and lower surfaces of this cutting tool. 7

I claim: a

1. In a tool-holder, in combination a bodypart, a clamping cap, asingle clamping and positioning means for securely connecting together sald cap and said body-part, a' cutting tool movably mounted between said bodypart and said cap, and a universal joint formmg a bearing for said cutting tool so as to en- 7 l able it-to automatically position itself under the action of said clamping means, until it will be uniformly and firmlyclamped along its bearing surfaces.

2. In a tool-holder,- in combination a body- 'part, a clamping cap, a clamping and positioningvmeans for securely connecting together said capandsai'd body-part, a cutting tool movably mounted between said bodyp'artand said cap, and a universal joint forminga bearing for said tool and composed of two cylindrical axes of 90 relative to each other so as to enable said toolto automatical- 1y position itself under the action of said [clamping means until it is uniformly and firmlyclampedalong, its bearing surfaces.

3. In a tool-holder, the combination of a body-part, a clamping cap, means for clamping said cap to said bodypart, a cylindrical member mounted-in a cylindrical seat of said body-part, a second cylindrical member mounted in a cylindrical seat of said cap at an angle of 90 relative to said first cylindrical member, and a cutting tool movably resting on'said two cylindrical members, the latter" t forming a universal'joint so as to enable said tool to automatically position itself under the action of said clamping means until it is uniformly and firmlyclamped along itsbearing surfaces between said two. cylindrical men1- bers. g

4:. In a tool-holder, the combination of a body-part, a clampingcap, means for clampmovably mounted between said body-part and said cap and having a surface rearwardly inclined relative to a horizontal plane, a stop provided. between said body-part and said cap and having a surface forwardly inclined relative to a horizontal plane, said inclined surface contacting with the inclined surface of said cutting tool, the arrangement being such that a pressure exerted by said cutting tool on said stop has a vertical component tending to press said stop against said cap.

6. In a tool-holder, the combination of a body-part, a clamping cap, meansfor clamp ing said'cap to said body-part, a cutting tool movably mounted between said body-part and saidcapfand having a surface rearwardly inclinedrelative to the axis of said body-part, and a stopprovided between said body-part and said cap and having a surface forwardly inclined relative to the axis of said body-part, said face resting against the inclined face of said cutting tool, the latter being thus prevented from a rearward displacement.

' V In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

PIERRE ELIE FRANCOIS RAUZIIERES. 

